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- Mental health and micronutrients: a narrative review
- Hyun Wook Baik
- Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2024;16(3):112-119. Published online December 1, 2024
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2024.16.3.112
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Abstract
PDF
ePub - Purpose: It aims to summarizes the evidence for the association between specific individual nutrients and mental disorders, focusing on vitamin B12 and related B vitamins, vitamin D, probiotics, and zinc.
Current concept: Vitamin D deficiency is linked to depression, anxiety, and cognitive decline. Vitamin D enhances serotonin synthesis, has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects, and regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and circadian rhythms. Vitamin B12 deficiency causes neurological dysfunction, mood disorders, cognitive decline, and psychotic symptoms, especially in the elderly. Vitamin B12 is involved in myelin formation, neurotransmitter synthesis, and preventing homocysteine-related neurodegeneration. Zinc deficiency affects neurotransmitters, neurogenesis, and antioxidant function, contributing to depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment. Zinc supplementation improves symptoms and increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels. The gut-brain axis involves bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system via the vagus nerve, enteric nervous system, immune system, and neuroendocrine pathways. Probiotics can modulate the gut microbiome to improve depression, anxiety, stress response, and cognitive function by influencing neurotransmitter production, reducing inflammation, and supporting the gut-brain connection.
Conclusion: Nutritional interventions, including vitamin D, B12, zinc, and probiotics, show promise as adjunctive therapies or preventive strategies for mental disorders. These nutrients have specific mechanisms of action on brain function and the gut-brain axis. Further research is needed to establish optimal dosage, timing, and administration methods for these nutritional approaches in supporting mental health.
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Original Article
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The Efficacy and Safety of
Cordyceps militaris in Korean Adults Who Have Mild Liver Dysfunction - Jin Young Heo, Hyun Wook Baik, Hyuk Jung Kim, Jae Min Lee, Hyung Woo Kim, Yong Sun Choi, Jung Ho Won, Hyun Mi Kim, Won Il Park, Chul Young Kim
- J Clin Nutr 2015;7(3):81-86. Published online December 31, 2015
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/jcn.2015.7.3.81
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Abstract
PDFePub
Purpose:
The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy and safety of
Cordyceps militaris in Korean adults with mild liver dysfunction.C. militaris is a mushroom traditionally used for several clinical purposes in East Asian territory, including China, and has been found to be effective in improving liver function through animal studies.Methods:
The
C. militaris group was administered 1.5 g/day ofC. militaris (2 capsules per dose, twice per day) and the placebo group was administered the same volume of placebo. Laboratory test (white blood cell, hemoglobin, platelet, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyltranspeptidase, lactic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine), liver computed tomography (CT) were performed, and visual analogue scale score for subjective symptoms and fatigue severity scale were measured.Results:
In analysis of the liver CT scan at 8 weeks after administration compared to baseline, the mean ratio of change of Hounsfield unit of 8 segments of liver increased by an average of 21.43%±45.11% in the
C. militaris group and 9.64%±11.41% in the placebo group. Others showed no statistically significant inter-group difference.Conclusion:
C. militaris extract was used safely as a functional food in patients with mild liver dysfunction, and is expected to protect against progression of fatty liver or cirrhosis caused by suppression of lipid accumulation in hepatocytes.
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