Annals of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism

Guidelines

Nutritional support for critically ill patients by the Korean Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition — part I: a clinical practice guideline: Seung Hwan Lee, Jae Gil Lee, Min Kwan Kwon, Jiyeon Kim, Mina Kim, Jeongyun Park, Jee Young Lee, Ye Won Sung, Bomi Kim, Seong Eun Kim, Ji Yoon Cho, A Young Lim, In Gyu Kwon, Miyoung Choi, KSPEN Guideline Committee; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2024;16(3):89-111. Published online December 1, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2024.16.3.89

Purpose: Nutritional support for adult critically ill patients is essential due to the high risk of malnutrition, which can lead to severe complications. This paper aims to develop evidence-based guidelines to optimize nutritional support in intensive care units (ICUs).
Methods: The Grading Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation process was used to develop and summarize the evidence on which the recommendations were based. Clinical outcomes were assessed for seven key questions.
Results: We recommend the following: (1) initiate enteral nutrition (EN) within 48 hours after treatment as it is associated with improved outcomes, including reduced infection rates and shorter ICU stays; (2) early EN is preferred over early parenteral nutrition due to better clinical outcomes; (3) the use of supplementary parenteral nutrition to meet energy targets during the first week of ICU admission in patients receiving early EN is conditionally recommended based on patient-specific needs; (4) limited caloric support should be supplied to prevent overfeeding and related complications, particularly in the early phase of critical illness; (5) higher protein intake is suggested to improve clinical outcomes, such as muscle preservation and overall recovery; (6) additional enteral or parenteral glutamine is conditionally recommended against due to the lack of significant benefit and potential harm; and (7) fish oil-containing lipid emulsions is conditionally recommended due to their potential to enhance clinical outcomes, including reduced infection rates and shorter ICU stays.
Conclusion: These evidence-based recommendations can improve clinical outcomes and support healthcare providers in making informed decisions about nutritional interventions in the ICU.

Citations

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Frontiers in Nutrition.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Enteral Nutrition Versus a Combination of Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition in Critically Ill Adult Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis
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Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(3): 991. CrossRef

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The 2024 Korean Enhanced Recovery After Surgery guidelines for colorectal cancer: Kil-yong Lee, Soo Young Lee, Miyoung Choi, Moonjin Kim, Ji Hong Kim, Ju Myung Song, Seung Yoon Yang, In Jun Yang, Moon Suk Choi, Seung Rim Han, Eon Chul Han, Sang Hyun Hong, Do Joong Park, Sang-Jae Park, The Korean Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Committee within the Korean Society of Surgical Metabolism and Nutrition; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2024;16(2):22-42. Published online August 1, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2024.16.2.22

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

The Korean Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Committee within the Korean Society of Surgical Metabolism and Nutrition was established to develop ERAS guidelines tailored to the Korean context. This guideline focuses on creating the most current evidence-based practice guidelines for ERAS based on systematic reviews. All key questions targeted randomized controlled trials (RCTs) exclusively. If fewer than two RCTs were available, studies using propensity score matching were also included. Recommendations for each key question were marked with strength of recommendation and level of evidence following internal and external review processes by the committee.

Citations

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Development of the Korean enhanced recovery after surgery audit program
Soo-Hyuk Yoon, Jae-Woo Ju, Ho-Jin Lee, Jeesun Kim, Min Jung Kim, Ji Won Park, Do Joong Park, Seung Yong Jeong
Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Optimizing postoperative pain management in minimally invasive colorectal surgery
Soo Young Lee
Annals of Coloproctology.2024; 40(6): 525. CrossRef

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