Central R&D Center, MG Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
Copyright: © Korean Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
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Year | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Market | 3.6 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 5 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 6.0 |
Year | Amino acid | Dextrose | Fats | Additives | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2016 | 2.5 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 4.6 |
Market share | 54% | 22% | 15% | 9% | 100% |
CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) 2010∼2016 | 4.1% | 4.5% | 3.5% | 4.1% | 4.1% |
LCT | LCT/MCT | Olive oil/LCT | Fish oil/olive oil/MCT/LCT | Fish oil | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Product name | Intralipid® | Lipofundin® | ClinOleic® | Smoflipid® | Omegaven® |
Lipid source | Soybean | Coconut/soybean | Olive/soybean | Fish/olive/coconut/soybean | Fish |
w/w (%) | 100 | 50/50 | 80/20 | 15/25/30/30 | 100 |
Fat (g/L) | 200a | 200a | 200a | 200a | 100 |
Phospholipid (g/L) | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
Glycerol (g/L) | 22 | 25 | 22.5 | 25 | 25 |
Energy (kcal/L) | 2,000 | 1,908 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 1,120 |
n-6:n-3 | 7:1 | 7:1 | 9:1 | 2.5:1 | 0.08:1 |
Composition | SmofKabiven®/ FOMS TNA®/OMAPONE®a | Winuf® | KABIVEN®/MG TNA® | OLIMEL® N9E | Nutriflex® Lipid plus | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manufacturer | Fresenius Kabi/MG/CJ | JW | Fresenius Kabi/MG | Baxter | B.Braun | ||||||||
Total Volume per bag (mL) | 986 | 1,477 | 1,970 | 1,085 | 1,435 | 1,820 | 1,026 | 1,540 | 2,053 | 1,000 | 1,500 | 1,250 | 1,870 |
Glucose (mL) | 298 | 446 | 595 | 328 | 433 | 550 | 536 | 790 | 1,053 | 400 | 600 | 500 | 750 |
Glucose (g) | 125a | 187a | 250a | 152b | 200b | 254b | 100a | 150a | 200a | 110a | 165a | 150 | 225 |
Glucose (kcal) | 500 | 748 | 1,000 | 552 | 728 | 925 | 400 | 600 | 800 | 440 | 660 | 600 | 900 |
Amino acids (mL) | 500 | 750 | 1,000 | 551 | 729 | 924 | 300 | 450 | 600 | 400 | 600 | 500 | 750 |
Amino acids (g) | 50 | 75 | 100 | 55 | 73 | 92 | 34 | 51 | 68 | 57 | 85 | 48 | 72 |
Nitrogen (g) | 8 | 12 | 16 | 8.8 | 11.7 | 14.8 | 5.4 | 8.1 | 10.8 | 9.0 | 13.5 | 7 | 10 |
Amino acids (kcal) | 200 | 300 | 400 | 220 | 292 | 370 | 136 | 204 | 272 | 230 | 340 | 192 | 288 |
Lipid (mL) | 188 | 281 | 375 | 206 | 273 | 346 | 200 | 300 | 400 | 200 | 300 | 250 | 375 |
Lipid (g) | 38 | 56 | 75 | 42 | 55 | 69 | 40 | 60 | 80 | 40 | 60 | 50 | 75 |
Lipid (kcal) | 378 | 565 | 754 | 412 | 546 | 692 | 400 | 600 | 800 | 400 | 600 | 475 | 715 |
Lipid Source & w/w% | Fish/olive/coconut/soybean 15/25/30/30% | Fish/olive/coconut/soybean 20/25/25/30% | Soybean 100% | Olive/soybean 80/20% | Coconut/soybean 50/50% | ||||||||
Approx. total calories(kcal) | 1,100 | 1,600 | 2,200 | 1,200 | 1,600 | 2,000 | 900 | 1,400 | 1,900 | 1,070 | 1,600 | 1,265 | 1,900 |
NPC | 878 | 1,313 | 1,754 | 970 | 1,300 | 1,650 | 799 | 1,199 | 1,598 | 840 | 1,260 | 1,302 | 1,860 |
NPC/N (kcal/g) | 113 | 108 | 113 | 111 | 148 | 93 | 186 | ||||||
Glucose/lipid ratio % | 57/43 | 57/43 | 50/50 | 52/48 | 56/44 | ||||||||
Electrolytes (mmol) | |||||||||||||
Sodium | 40 | 60 | 80 | 43.9 | 58 | 73.6 | 32 | 48 | 64 | 35 | 52.5 | 50 | 75 |
Potassium | 30 | 45 | 60 | 33.5 | 44.3 | 56.1 | 24 | 36 | 48 | 30 | 45 | 30 | 52.5 |
Magnesium | 5 | 7.5 | 10 | 5.5 | 7.3 | 9.2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 6 |
Calcium | 2.5 | 3.8 | 5 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 4.6 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3.5 | 5.3 | 4 | 6 |
Phosphate | 12 | 19 | 25 | 13.8 | 18.3 | 23.2 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 15 | 22.5 | 15 | 22.5 |
Chloride | 35 | 52 | 70 | 46 | 70 | 93 | 45 | 68 | 45 | 67.5 | |||
Acetate | 104 | 157 | 209 | 39 | 58 | 78 | 54 | 80 | 40 | 67.5 | |||
Sulfate | 5 | 7.5 | 10 | 4 | 6 | 8 | |||||||
Zinc | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.07 | |||||||
Osmolarity (mOsm/L) | 1,500 | 1,440 | 1,060 | 1,310 | 1,215 | ||||||||
pH | 5.6 | 5.6 | 6.4 | ||||||||||
Dosing rate | 2.0 mL/kg/hr ↓ | 2.0 mL/kg/hr ↓ | 2.6 mL/kg/hr ↓ | Adult: 1.8 mL/kg/hr ↓ 12~18 yr: 2.1 mL/kg/hr ↓ 2~11 yr: 3.3 mL/kg/hr ↓ | 2.0 mL/kg/hr ↓ |
Composition | SMOFKABIVEN® Peripheral/ FOMS TNA®-peri/ OmapOne® Peri | Winuf® peri | KABIVEN® Peripheral/ MGTNA® Peri | Periolimel® N4E | Nutriflex® Lipid peri | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manufacturer | Fresenius Kabi/MG/CJ | JW | Fresenius Kabi/MG | Baxter | B.Braun | ||||||||||
Total Volume per bag (mL) | 1,206 | 1,448 | 1,904 | 1,085 | 1,450 | 2,020 | 1,440 | 1,920 | 2,400 | 1,000 | 1,500 | 2,000 | 1,250 | 1,875 | 2,500 |
Glucose (mL) | 656 | 788 | 1,036 | 590 | 789 | 1,099 | 885 | 1,180 | 1,475 | 400 | 600 | 800 | 500 | 750 | 1,000 |
Glucose (g) | 85a | 103a | 135a | 84b | 113b | 157b | 97a | 130a | 162a | 75a | 113a | 150a | 80 | 120 | 160 |
Glucose (kcal) | 340 | 412 | 540 | 307 | 410 | 572 | 388 | 520 | 648 | 300 | 450 | 600 | 320 | 480 | 640 |
Amino acids (mL) | 380 | 456 | 600 | 342 | 457 | 636 | 300 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 600 | 800 | 500 | 750 | 1,000 |
Amino acids (g) | 38 | 46 | 60 | 34 | 46 | 64 | 34 | 45 | 57 | 25 | 38 | 51 | 40 | 60 | 80 |
Nitrogen (g) | 6.2 | 7.4 | 9.8 | 5.5 | 7.3 | 10.2 | 5.4 | 7.2 | 9 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 8.0 | 5.7 | 8.6 | 11.4 |
Amino acids (kcal) | 152 | 184 | 240 | 137 | 183 | 254 | 136 | 180 | 228 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 160 | 240 | 320 |
Lipid (mL) | 170 | 204 | 268 | 153 | 204 | 285 | 255 | 340 | 425 | 200 | 300 | 400 | 250 | 375 | 500 |
Lipid (g) | 34 | 41 | 54 | 31 | 41 | 57 | 51 | 68 | 85 | 30 | 45 | 60 | 50 | 75 | 100 |
Lipid (kcal) | 341 | 410 | 538 | 306 | 408 | 570 | 510 | 680 | 850 | 300 | 450 | 600 | 475 | 715 | 950 |
Lipid Source & w/w% | Fish/olive/coconut/soybean 15/25/30/30% | Fish/olive/coconut/soybean 20/25/25/30% | Soybean 100% | Olive/soybean 80/20% | Coconut/soybean 50/50% | ||||||||||
Approx. Total Calories (kcal) | 800 | 1,000 | 1,300 | 750 | 1,000 | 1,400 | 1,000 | 1,400 | 1,700 | 700 | 1,050 | 1,400 | 955 | 1,435 | 1,910 |
NPC | 681 | 822 | 1,078 | 615 | 820 | 1,145 | 902 | 1,202 | 1,503 | 600 | 900 | 1,200 | 792 | 1,195 | 1,585 |
NPC/N | 113 | 108 | 112 | 112 | 167 | 150 | 139 | ||||||||
Glucose/Lipid ratio % | 50/50 | 50/50 | 43/57 | 50/50 | 40/60 | ||||||||||
Electrolytes (mmol) | |||||||||||||||
Sodium | 30 | 36 | 48 | 27.2 | 36.4 | 50.6 | 32 | 43 | 53 | 21 | 31.5 | 42 | 50 | 75 | 100 |
Potassium | 23 | 28 | 36 | 20.8 | 27.7 | 38.6 | 24 | 32 | 40 | 16 | 24 | 32 | 30 | 45 | 60 |
Magnesium | 3.8 | 4.6 | 6 | 3.41 | 4.56 | 6.34 | 4 | 5.3 | 6.7 | 2.2 | 3.3 | 4.4 | 3 | 4.5 | 6 |
Calcium | 1.9 | 2.3 | 3 | 1.7 | 2.27 | 3.16 | 2 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4.5 | 6 |
Phosphate | 9.9 | 11.9 | 15.6 | 9 | 12 | 16.7 | 11 | 14 | 18 | 8.5 | 12.7 | 17 | 7.5 | 11.3 | 15 |
Zinc | 0.03 | 0.036 | 0.048 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.05 | |||||||||
Sulfate | 3.8 | 4.6 | 6.1 | 4 | 5.3 | 6.7 | |||||||||
Chloride | 27 | 32 | 42 | 47 | 62 | 78 | 24 | 37 | 49 | 48 | 72 | 96 | |||
Acetate | 79 | 96 | 125 | 39 | 52 | 65 | 27 | 41 | 55 | 40 | 60 | 80 | |||
Osmolarity (mOsm/L) | 850 | 850 | 750 | 760 | 840 | ||||||||||
pH | 5.6 | 6 | 6 | ||||||||||||
Dosing rate | 3.0 mL/kg/hr ↓ | 3.0 mL/kg/hr ↓ | 3.7 mL/kg/hr ↓ | Adult: 3.2 mL/kg/hr ↓ 12~18 yr: 4.3 mL/kg/hr ↓ 2~11 yr: 4.3 mL/kg/hr ↓ | 2.5 mL/kg/hr ↓ |
Global clinical nutrition market, year 2010∼2022 (USD billion, $)2
Year | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Market | 3.6 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 5 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 6.0 |
Global parenteral nutrition formula market (USD billion, $)2
Year | Amino acid | Dextrose | Fats | Additives | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2016 | 2.5 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 4.6 |
Market share | 54% | 22% | 15% | 9% | 100% |
CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) 2010∼2016 | 4.1% | 4.5% | 3.5% | 4.1% | 4.1% |
Composition of lipid emulsions
LCT | LCT/MCT | Olive oil/LCT | Fish oil/olive oil/MCT/LCT | Fish oil | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Product name | Intralipid® | Lipofundin® | ClinOleic® | Smoflipid® | Omegaven® |
Lipid source | Soybean | Coconut/soybean | Olive/soybean | Fish/olive/coconut/soybean | Fish |
w/w (%) | 100 | 50/50 | 80/20 | 15/25/30/30 | 100 |
Fat (g/L) | 200 |
200 |
200 |
200 |
100 |
Phospholipid (g/L) | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
Glycerol (g/L) | 22 | 25 | 22.5 | 25 | 25 |
Energy (kcal/L) | 2,000 | 1,908 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 1,120 |
n-6:n-3 | 7:1 | 7:1 | 9:1 | 2.5:1 | 0.08:1 |
LCT = long chain triglyceride; MCT = medium chain triglyceride.
aBased on 20%.
Composition of 3-chamber bags Central
Composition | SmofKabiven®/ FOMS TNA®/OMAPONE® |
Winuf® | KABIVEN®/MG TNA® | OLIMEL® N9E | Nutriflex® Lipid plus | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manufacturer | Fresenius Kabi/MG/CJ | JW | Fresenius Kabi/MG | Baxter | B.Braun | ||||||||
Total Volume per bag (mL) | 986 | 1,477 | 1,970 | 1,085 | 1,435 | 1,820 | 1,026 | 1,540 | 2,053 | 1,000 | 1,500 | 1,250 | 1,870 |
Glucose (mL) | 298 | 446 | 595 | 328 | 433 | 550 | 536 | 790 | 1,053 | 400 | 600 | 500 | 750 |
Glucose (g) | 125 |
187 |
250 |
152 |
200 |
254 |
100 |
150 |
200 |
110 |
165 |
150 | 225 |
Glucose (kcal) | 500 | 748 | 1,000 | 552 | 728 | 925 | 400 | 600 | 800 | 440 | 660 | 600 | 900 |
Amino acids (mL) | 500 | 750 | 1,000 | 551 | 729 | 924 | 300 | 450 | 600 | 400 | 600 | 500 | 750 |
Amino acids (g) | 50 | 75 | 100 | 55 | 73 | 92 | 34 | 51 | 68 | 57 | 85 | 48 | 72 |
Nitrogen (g) | 8 | 12 | 16 | 8.8 | 11.7 | 14.8 | 5.4 | 8.1 | 10.8 | 9.0 | 13.5 | 7 | 10 |
Amino acids (kcal) | 200 | 300 | 400 | 220 | 292 | 370 | 136 | 204 | 272 | 230 | 340 | 192 | 288 |
Lipid (mL) | 188 | 281 | 375 | 206 | 273 | 346 | 200 | 300 | 400 | 200 | 300 | 250 | 375 |
Lipid (g) | 38 | 56 | 75 | 42 | 55 | 69 | 40 | 60 | 80 | 40 | 60 | 50 | 75 |
Lipid (kcal) | 378 | 565 | 754 | 412 | 546 | 692 | 400 | 600 | 800 | 400 | 600 | 475 | 715 |
Lipid Source & w/w% | Fish/olive/coconut/soybean 15/25/30/30% | Fish/olive/coconut/soybean 20/25/25/30% | Soybean 100% | Olive/soybean 80/20% | Coconut/soybean 50/50% | ||||||||
Approx. total calories(kcal) | 1,100 | 1,600 | 2,200 | 1,200 | 1,600 | 2,000 | 900 | 1,400 | 1,900 | 1,070 | 1,600 | 1,265 | 1,900 |
NPC | 878 | 1,313 | 1,754 | 970 | 1,300 | 1,650 | 799 | 1,199 | 1,598 | 840 | 1,260 | 1,302 | 1,860 |
NPC/N (kcal/g) | 113 | 108 | 113 | 111 | 148 | 93 | 186 | ||||||
Glucose/lipid ratio % | 57/43 | 57/43 | 50/50 | 52/48 | 56/44 | ||||||||
Electrolytes (mmol) | |||||||||||||
Sodium | 40 | 60 | 80 | 43.9 | 58 | 73.6 | 32 | 48 | 64 | 35 | 52.5 | 50 | 75 |
Potassium | 30 | 45 | 60 | 33.5 | 44.3 | 56.1 | 24 | 36 | 48 | 30 | 45 | 30 | 52.5 |
Magnesium | 5 | 7.5 | 10 | 5.5 | 7.3 | 9.2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 6 |
Calcium | 2.5 | 3.8 | 5 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 4.6 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3.5 | 5.3 | 4 | 6 |
Phosphate | 12 | 19 | 25 | 13.8 | 18.3 | 23.2 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 15 | 22.5 | 15 | 22.5 |
Chloride | 35 | 52 | 70 | 46 | 70 | 93 | 45 | 68 | 45 | 67.5 | |||
Acetate | 104 | 157 | 209 | 39 | 58 | 78 | 54 | 80 | 40 | 67.5 | |||
Sulfate | 5 | 7.5 | 10 | 4 | 6 | 8 | |||||||
Zinc | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.07 | |||||||
Osmolarity (mOsm/L) | 1,500 | 1,440 | 1,060 | 1,310 | 1,215 | ||||||||
pH | 5.6 | 5.6 | 6.4 | ||||||||||
Dosing rate | 2.0 mL/kg/hr ↓ | 2.0 mL/kg/hr ↓ | 2.6 mL/kg/hr ↓ | Adult: 1.8 mL/kg/hr ↓ 12~18 yr: 2.1 mL/kg/hr ↓ 2~11 yr: 3.3 mL/kg/hr ↓ | 2.0 mL/kg/hr ↓ |
w/w% = weight/weight%; approx. = approximate; NPC: Non Protein Calories, N: Nitrogen grams
aAnhydrous,
bmonohydrate.
Composition of 3-chamber bags Peripheral
Composition | SMOFKABIVEN® Peripheral/ FOMS TNA®-peri/ OmapOne® Peri | Winuf® peri | KABIVEN® Peripheral/ MGTNA® Peri | Periolimel® N4E | Nutriflex® Lipid peri | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Manufacturer | Fresenius Kabi/MG/CJ | JW | Fresenius Kabi/MG | Baxter | B.Braun | ||||||||||
Total Volume per bag (mL) | 1,206 | 1,448 | 1,904 | 1,085 | 1,450 | 2,020 | 1,440 | 1,920 | 2,400 | 1,000 | 1,500 | 2,000 | 1,250 | 1,875 | 2,500 |
Glucose (mL) | 656 | 788 | 1,036 | 590 | 789 | 1,099 | 885 | 1,180 | 1,475 | 400 | 600 | 800 | 500 | 750 | 1,000 |
Glucose (g) | 85 |
103 |
135 |
84 |
113 |
157 |
97 |
130 |
162 |
75 |
113 |
150 |
80 | 120 | 160 |
Glucose (kcal) | 340 | 412 | 540 | 307 | 410 | 572 | 388 | 520 | 648 | 300 | 450 | 600 | 320 | 480 | 640 |
Amino acids (mL) | 380 | 456 | 600 | 342 | 457 | 636 | 300 | 400 | 500 | 400 | 600 | 800 | 500 | 750 | 1,000 |
Amino acids (g) | 38 | 46 | 60 | 34 | 46 | 64 | 34 | 45 | 57 | 25 | 38 | 51 | 40 | 60 | 80 |
Nitrogen (g) | 6.2 | 7.4 | 9.8 | 5.5 | 7.3 | 10.2 | 5.4 | 7.2 | 9 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 8.0 | 5.7 | 8.6 | 11.4 |
Amino acids (kcal) | 152 | 184 | 240 | 137 | 183 | 254 | 136 | 180 | 228 | 100 | 150 | 200 | 160 | 240 | 320 |
Lipid (mL) | 170 | 204 | 268 | 153 | 204 | 285 | 255 | 340 | 425 | 200 | 300 | 400 | 250 | 375 | 500 |
Lipid (g) | 34 | 41 | 54 | 31 | 41 | 57 | 51 | 68 | 85 | 30 | 45 | 60 | 50 | 75 | 100 |
Lipid (kcal) | 341 | 410 | 538 | 306 | 408 | 570 | 510 | 680 | 850 | 300 | 450 | 600 | 475 | 715 | 950 |
Lipid Source & w/w% | Fish/olive/coconut/soybean 15/25/30/30% | Fish/olive/coconut/soybean 20/25/25/30% | Soybean 100% | Olive/soybean 80/20% | Coconut/soybean 50/50% | ||||||||||
Approx. Total Calories (kcal) | 800 | 1,000 | 1,300 | 750 | 1,000 | 1,400 | 1,000 | 1,400 | 1,700 | 700 | 1,050 | 1,400 | 955 | 1,435 | 1,910 |
NPC | 681 | 822 | 1,078 | 615 | 820 | 1,145 | 902 | 1,202 | 1,503 | 600 | 900 | 1,200 | 792 | 1,195 | 1,585 |
NPC/N | 113 | 108 | 112 | 112 | 167 | 150 | 139 | ||||||||
Glucose/Lipid ratio % | 50/50 | 50/50 | 43/57 | 50/50 | 40/60 | ||||||||||
Electrolytes (mmol) | |||||||||||||||
Sodium | 30 | 36 | 48 | 27.2 | 36.4 | 50.6 | 32 | 43 | 53 | 21 | 31.5 | 42 | 50 | 75 | 100 |
Potassium | 23 | 28 | 36 | 20.8 | 27.7 | 38.6 | 24 | 32 | 40 | 16 | 24 | 32 | 30 | 45 | 60 |
Magnesium | 3.8 | 4.6 | 6 | 3.41 | 4.56 | 6.34 | 4 | 5.3 | 6.7 | 2.2 | 3.3 | 4.4 | 3 | 4.5 | 6 |
Calcium | 1.9 | 2.3 | 3 | 1.7 | 2.27 | 3.16 | 2 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4.5 | 6 |
Phosphate | 9.9 | 11.9 | 15.6 | 9 | 12 | 16.7 | 11 | 14 | 18 | 8.5 | 12.7 | 17 | 7.5 | 11.3 | 15 |
Zinc | 0.03 | 0.036 | 0.048 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.05 | |||||||||
Sulfate | 3.8 | 4.6 | 6.1 | 4 | 5.3 | 6.7 | |||||||||
Chloride | 27 | 32 | 42 | 47 | 62 | 78 | 24 | 37 | 49 | 48 | 72 | 96 | |||
Acetate | 79 | 96 | 125 | 39 | 52 | 65 | 27 | 41 | 55 | 40 | 60 | 80 | |||
Osmolarity (mOsm/L) | 850 | 850 | 750 | 760 | 840 | ||||||||||
pH | 5.6 | 6 | 6 | ||||||||||||
Dosing rate | 3.0 mL/kg/hr ↓ | 3.0 mL/kg/hr ↓ | 3.7 mL/kg/hr ↓ | Adult: 3.2 mL/kg/hr ↓ 12~18 yr: 4.3 mL/kg/hr ↓ 2~11 yr: 4.3 mL/kg/hr ↓ | 2.5 mL/kg/hr ↓ |
Approx. = approximate; w/w% = weight/weight%; NPC = non protein calories; N = nitrogen
aAnhydrous,
bmonohydrate.
LCT = long chain triglyceride; MCT = medium chain triglyceride. Based on 20%.
w/w% = weight/weight%; approx. = approximate; NPC: Non Protein Calories, N: Nitrogen grams Anhydrous, monohydrate.
Approx. = approximate; w/w% = weight/weight%; NPC = non protein calories; N = nitrogen Anhydrous, monohydrate.