Annals of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism

Prognostic significance of serum creatinine and sarcopenia for 5-year overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer in Korea: a comparative study: Jiahn Choi, Hye Sun Lee, Jeonghyun Kang; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2024;16(2):66-77. Published online August 1, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2024.16.2.66

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Purpose: Previous studies have demonstrated that the serum creatinine level and skeletal muscle index (SMI) (correlated with the overall survival [OS] of patients with colorectal cancer [CRC]). However, the combined significance of these 2 factors is not fully understood. The goal of this study was to investigate the prognostic potential of the combination of these two factors in patients with CRC.
Methods: The patients were categorized into subgroups based on preoperative serum creatinine level, with a cut-off value of 1.01 mg/dL for males and 0.80 mg/dL for females. The patients were further categorized into 4 groups based on SMI. Data were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazards model and Harrell’s concordance index (C-index).
Results: Poor 5-year OS was observed in patients with high SMI and high serum creatinine levels (hazard ratio [HR]=1.676, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.110–2.529, P=0.013), low SMI and low serum creatinine levels (HR=1.916, 95% CI=1.249–2.938, P=0.002), and low SMI and high serum creatinine levels (HR=2.172, 95% CI=1.279–3.687, P=0.004) compared to those of patients with high SMI and low serum creatinine levels. Grouping patients based on both SMI and serum creatinine levels led to improved prognostic stratification (C-index, 0.626; 95% CI=0.587–0.666) compared to grouping based on SMI (CI difference=0.062, 95% CI=0.031–0.103, P=0.0011) or serum creatinine (CI difference=0.043, 95% CI=0.017–0.081, P=0.0072) alone.
Conclusion: Incorporating both SMI and serum creatinine levels enhances the prognostic stratification for 5-year OS in patients with CRC, surpassing the prognostic power of grouping solely based on SMI or creatinine.

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Impact of Visceral Fat Area Measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis on Clinico-Pathologic Outcomes of Colorectal Surgery: Kyeong Eui Kim, Woo Jin Song, Minji Seok, Sung Uk Bae, Woon Kyung Jeong, Seong Kyu Baek; J Clin Nutr 2021;13(1):17-23. Published online June 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/jcn.2021.13.1.17

Abstract PDF: Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between the visceral fat area (VFA) and clinico-pathological outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods: This retrospective study included 204 patients who underwent anthropometric measurement by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) before surgical treatment for CRC between January 2016 and June 2020.
Results: According to the average value of the visceral fat area, 119 (58.3%) patients had a low visceral fat area, and 85 (59.1%) patients had a high visceral fat area. Patients with visceral obesity showed a higher BMI compared to patients without visceral obesity, (21.8±1.9 vs. 25.7±2.5, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the overall perioperative outcomes including total operation time, time to gas out, sips of water, soft diet, hospital stay, and morbidity between patients in the low and high VFA groups. We divided patients into two subgroups according to the degree of cancer progression and more advanced cases with low VFA showed significantly more total and positive retrieved lymph nodes (LNs) (20.9±10.3 vs. 16.1±7.1, P=0.021 and 3.3±2.9 vs. 2.2±2.3, P=0.019, respectively) and a higher proportion of more than 12 retrieved LNs compared to patients with a high VFA (95.1% vs. 90.0%, P=0.047). Body composition analysis showed that phase angle, muscle composition, and body fluid composition were not statistically different between the two groups. However, body fat mass was statistically higher in the high VFA group (22.0±4.6 vs. 12.8±3.1, P<0.001).
Conclusion: Visceral obesity measured by BIA showed lower total and positive retrieved LNs and was not associated with adverse peri-operative outcomes, inflammatory and nutritional, and pathologic outcomes for CRC.

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Relationship between Selenium Plasma Levels and Prognosis of Major Burn Patients: Seung Hyun Hwang, Tae Young Jang, Tae Young Jang, Hye Jung Han, Hye Jung Han, Go Woon Woo, Go Woon Woo; Surg Metab Nutr 2015;6(2):28-32. Published online December 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.18858/smn.2015.6.2.28

Abstract PDF: Purpose:
Selenium is an important trace element for antioxidative function. Low selenium plasma level in sepsis is associated with high oxidative damage and increasing consumption of selenium, which is thought to affect severity of burns. This study was conducted to investigate a relationship between selenium plasma levels and prognosis of burn patients.
Materials and Methods:
In a retrospective review of 45 burn patients with more than 20% TBSA from January 2011 to May 2015, selenium plasma levels on days 2 to 7 after burn injury, abbreviated burn severity index (ABSI), mortality, length of stay in intensive care unit, and duration of intravenous antibiotics use were measured.
Results:
Selenium plasma levels on days 2 to 7 after burn injury were fairly correlated with ABSI (r=-0.640, P<0.001), TBSA (r=-0.640, P<0.001), duration of intravenous antibiotics use (r=-0.555, P<0.001), and length of stay in intensive care unit (r=-0.445, P=0.004). In comparison between survivor and non-survivor, statistical difference was observed between two selenium plasma levels (66.2±13.6 mcg/L versus 49.4±14.5 mcg/L, P=0.002).
Conclusion:
In this study, selenium plasma levels on days 2 to 7 after burn injury was related to prognosis of major burn patients.

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