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Ann Clin Nutr Metab : Annals of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism

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4 "Pancreatectomy"
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Original Articles
Perioperative outcomes of older adult patients with pancreatic cancer based on nutritional status: a retrospective cohorat study
Takanori Morikawa, Masaharu Ishida, Masamichi Mizuma, Kei Nakagawa, Takashi Kamei, Michiaki Unno
Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2025;17(1):66-74.   Published online April 1, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.25.001
AbstractAbstract PDF
Purpose
This study investigated the effects of preoperative nutritional status on postoperative outcomes in older adult patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Methods
The background and perioperative factors of patients who underwent pancreatectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma between 2007 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.
Results
Patients aged 75 years or over (older adults) were significantly associated with hypertension, upfront surgery, and lower prognostic nutritional index. In addition, these patients had a significantly lower rate of portal vein resection, less blood loss, and shorter operation time than patients aged less than 75 years (non-older adults). During the postoperative course, older adult patients had a higher rate of pneumonia and lower overall survival than younger patients, although recurrence‐free survival was comparable. In addition, older adult patients showed preoperative malnutrition as a risk factor for postoperative in‐hospital death.
Conclusion
Surgical treatment for pancreatic cancer in older adult patients was performed safely. However, preoperative malnutrition is a risk factor for in‐hospital death and such patients require nutritional support and less‐invasive surgery.
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Body composition assessment using bioelectrical impedance analysis and computed tomography in patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy in Korea: a before and after study
Juwan Kim, Seung-seob Kim, Ho Kyoung Hwang, Chang Moo Kang, Kyung Sik Kim, Sung Hyun Kim
Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2023;15(3):72-80.   Published online December 1, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2023.15.3.72
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialePub
Purpose: This study focuses on the need for standardized body composition measurements in the hepatobiliary-pancreatic field. It evaluates and compares the effectiveness of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and computed tomography (CT) scans in assessing body composition of patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy (PD), aiming to establish correlations among different body composition indexes.
Methods: Ninety-seven patients who underwent PD between August 2022 and March 2023, were enrolled in this study. Muscular and fatty parameters related to BIA and CT were assessed both preoperatively and on postoperative day 6. The correlation between each parameter related to muscle fat was analyzed according to the measurement modalities.
Results: There was an increase of skeletal muscle area (SMA), total muscle area, and low attenuated muscle area after surgery. Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) measured using BIA exhibited a strong correlation with the SMA and normal attenuated muscle area (NAMA) measured using CT (r=0.86, P<0.001; r=0.76, P<0.001). The trunk muscle measured using BIA demonstrated moderate to strong correlations with SMA and NAMA measured using CT (r=0.84 P<0.001; r=0.73, P<0.001). Body fat measured using BIA and total fat area (TFA) measured using CT showed strong correlations (r=0.74, P<0.001). In the postoperative analysis, a similar trend was observed (SMM vs. SMA: r=0.80, P<0.001; SMM vs. NAMA: r=0.70, P<0.001), (trunk muscle vs. SMA: r=0.79, P<0.001; trunk muscle vs. NAMA: r=0.69, P<0.001), and (body fat vs. TFA: r=0.83, P<0.001).
Conclusion: BIA, akin to CT, serves as a valuable tool for assessing body composition ratios in patients undergoing PD.
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Review Articles
Effect of Sarcopenia in Patients after Pancreatectomy
In Woong Han
Surg Metab Nutr 2018;9(2):31-35.   Published online December 30, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18858/smn.2018.9.2.31
AbstractAbstract PDFePub

Sarcopenia is characterized as a syndrome involving the progressive or generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with or without increased fat mass. This is one of well-known risk factors for adverse treatment outcomes in patients with various medical and surgical diseases. Sarcopenia itself, independent of the body mass index, is a powerful prognostic factor for cancer cachexia, liver cirrhosis, and even all causes of mortality. In terms of gastrointestinal surgery, sarcopenia is a significant prognostic factor in patients with gastric or colorectal cancers. Sarcopenia is related to postoperative complication, 30-day mortality, overall survival, and disease-free survival after gastrointestinal surgery. For patients with hepatic surgery, sarcopenia is also a significant prognostic factor. Several studies, including meta-analysis, proved sarcopenia to be waiting-list mortality and post-transplantation mortality in liver transplantation patients. Similarly, preoperative sarcopenic obesity was an independent risk factor for death and hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after a hepatectomy. In cases of pancreatic cancer, several studies proposed that sarcopenia was an objective measure of patient frailty that was strongly associated with the long-term outcome independent of tumor-specific factors. In addition, sarcopenia or sarcopenic obesity has been reported to be a strong predictor of major complications after pancreatectomy. As a result, sarcopenia could be used to improve patient selection before a pancreatectomy. The next step to solve the questions to manage sarcopenia and improve the post-pancreatectomy outcomes would be to determine the role of nutrition and physical activity in the prevention or treatment of sarcopenia, and to develop specific medications with an evidence-based treatment of sarcopenia in patients with pancreatectomy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Major Surgery in Sarcopenic Patients
    Kyung Won Seo
    Surgical Metabolism and Nutrition.2019; 10(1): 5.     CrossRef
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Nutritional Support for Patients with Postoperative Pancreatic Fistula, or Pancreatitis
In Woong Han
Surg Metab Nutr 2017;8(2):23-27.   Published online December 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18858/smn.2017.8.2.23
AbstractAbstract PDFePub

In terms of nutritional therapy after pancreatectomy, there is no need for routine use of artificial nutrition supplementation except in the case of malnutrition or complications. Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is one of the most representative complications of pancreatectomy, and adequate nutritional support is important for management of POPF. Oral diet or enteral nutrition (EN) treatment is preferred over parenteral nutrition (PN) since oral diet or EN results in higher POPF closure rates and lower complication rates than EN. Postoperative pancreatitis is usually managed according to the general principle of acute pancreatitis. There is no need to provide specialized nutrition therapy for mild pancreatitis, whereas moderate-to severe pancreatitis should be treated with early specialized nutritional therapy. EN is a more preferred nutritional supplement method over PN due to its lower complication rate, shorter hospital stay, less frequent multi-organ failure, and mortality. Long-term sequelae after POPF or pancreatitis include exocrine or endocrine insufficiency. In the case of exocrine insufficiency, exocrine replacement therapy should be administered. Moreover, endocrine insufficiency, commonly represented by diabetes mellitus (DM), should be managed based on guidelines for type 1 or 2 DM.

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