Annals of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism

Nutritional support for critically ill patients by the Korean Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition — part I: a clinical practice guideline: Seung Hwan Lee, Jae Gil Lee, Min Kwan Kwon, Jiyeon Kim, Mina Kim, Jeongyun Park, Jee Young Lee, Ye Won Sung, Bomi Kim, Seong Eun Kim, Ji Yoon Cho, A Young Lim, In Gyu Kwon, Miyoung Choi, KSPEN Guideline Committee; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2024;16(3):89-111. Published online December 1, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2024.16.3.89

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material ePub

Purpose: Nutritional support for adult critically ill patients is essential due to the high risk of malnutrition, which can lead to severe complications. This paper aims to develop evidence-based guidelines to optimize nutritional support in intensive care units (ICUs).
Methods: The Grading Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation process was used to develop and summarize the evidence on which the recommendations were based. Clinical outcomes were assessed for seven key questions.
Results: We recommend the following: (1) initiate enteral nutrition (EN) within 48 hours after treatment as it is associated with improved outcomes, including reduced infection rates and shorter ICU stays; (2) early EN is preferred over early parenteral nutrition due to better clinical outcomes; (3) the use of supplementary parenteral nutrition to meet energy targets during the first week of ICU admission in patients receiving early EN is conditionally recommended based on patient-specific needs; (4) limited caloric support should be supplied to prevent overfeeding and related complications, particularly in the early phase of critical illness; (5) higher protein intake is suggested to improve clinical outcomes, such as muscle preservation and overall recovery; (6) additional enteral or parenteral glutamine is conditionally recommended against due to the lack of significant benefit and potential harm; and (7) fish oil-containing lipid emulsions is conditionally recommended due to their potential to enhance clinical outcomes, including reduced infection rates and shorter ICU stays.
Conclusion: These evidence-based recommendations can improve clinical outcomes and support healthcare providers in making informed decisions about nutritional interventions in the ICU.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Enteral Nutrition Versus a Combination of Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition in Critically Ill Adult Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: An Overview of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis
Paraskevi Papanikolaou, Xenophon Theodoridis, Androniki Papaemmanouil, Niki N. Papageorgiou, Alexandra Tsankof, Anna-Bettina Haidich, Christos Savopoulos, Konstantinos Tziomalos
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(3): 991. CrossRef

1,221 View
139 Download
1 Crossref

The impact of nutritional intervention by a nutrition support team on extrauterine growth restriction in very low birth weight infants in Korea: a retrospective cohort study: Seung Yun Lee, Hye Su Hwang, Waonsun Im, Hyojoung Kim, Mi Lim Chung; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2024;16(3):149-157. Published online December 1, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2024.16.3.149

Abstract PDF ePub: Purpose: Achieving proper weight gain through adequate nutrition is critically important in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Despite recent active nutritional interventions, growth restriction is still common in VLBW infants. We aimed to determine whether nutritional intervention by a nutrition support team (NST) mitigated extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) in VLBW infants.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of VLBW infants admitted to Haeundae Paik Hospital between March 2010 and February 2024. EUGR was defined as a decrease in the weight-for-age-z-score>1.2 from birth to the postconceptional age of 36 weeks, using Fenton growth charts.
Results: Among the 603 enrolled VLBW infants, 434 (72.0%) were diagnosed with EUGR. When comparing the control and nutritional intervention groups, the incidence of EUGR was significantly lower in infants in the intervention group (80.6% vs. 62.8%, P<0.00). Intervention group infants started enteral feeding earlier and reached half and full enteral feeding earlier (P<0.05). In addition, intravenous protein and lipid supply started sooner, increased at a faster rate, and reached peak concentrations sooner in the intervention group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Nutritional intervention by an NST resulted in a significant decrease in the development of EUGR in VLBW infants.

326 View
32 Download

Perioperative nutritional practice of surgeons in Korea: a survey study: Ji-Hyeon Park, Mi Ran Jung, Sang Hyun Kim, Hongbeom Kim, Gyeongsil Lee, Jae-Seok Min, Heung-Kwon Oh, Jung Hoon Bae, Yoona Chung, Dong-Seok Han, Seung Wan Ryu, The External Relation Committee of the Korean Society of Surgical Metabolism and Nutrition; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2024;16(3):134-148. Published online December 1, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2024.16.3.134

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material ePub: Purpose: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols advocate reduced fasting and early nutrition to improve recovery in surgical patients. However, data on ERAS implementation among Korean surgeons performing major abdominal surgeries remain sparse.
Methods: A survey conducted by the External Relation Committee of the Korean Society of Surgical Metabolism and Nutrition assessed perioperative nutritional practices among 389 Korean general surgeons from February to September 2023. The survey covered preoperative fasting, carbohydrate drinks, nasogastric tube use, postoperative dietary progression, parenteral nutrition (PN), and oral supplements, yielding 551 responses stratified by specialty.
Results: More than 80% of respondents practiced “midnight NPO (Nil Per Os)” fasting, often at the anesthesiology department’s request, while 70%–80% reported no use of preoperative carbohydrate drinks. Most surgeons began dietary progression with water on postoperative day one, advancing to a liquid or soft diet by day two. PN was routinely prescribed by 49% of respondents, with a common dosage of 1,000–1,500 kcal/d. Oral supplements were selectively provided, with 21% of surgeons prescribing them universally.
Conclusion: The results reveal significant variability in perioperative nutrition practices across Korean surgical specialties, with many adhering to traditional practices despite ERAS guidelines. These findings highlight a need for standardized guidelines in Korea to optimize perioperative nutritional support and improve patient recovery outcomes following major abdominal surgeries.

407 View
36 Download

Pneumothorax due to malpositioned nasogastric enteral feeding tube: Hyebeen Kim, Suk-Kyung Hong; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2024;16(2):87-88. Published online August 1, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2024.16.2.87

PDF ePub

132 View
5 Download

Impact of immune-supplementation on muscle health and inflammation status of South Indian patients who have undergone gastrointestinal resection: a pilot randomized-controlled study: Nivedita Pavithran, Catherine Bompart, Alisa Alili, Sudheer Othiyil Vayoth; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2024;16(2):78-86. Published online August 1, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2024.16.2.78

Abstract PDF ePub: Purpose: Gastrointestinal (GI) resection significantly impacts nutritional and physical health, causing stress and inflammation that increase energy needs. Post-operative caloric intake often falls short, disrupting protein homeostasis and compromising muscle health. Nutritional supplementation is crucial to reduce inflammation and maintain muscle health. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a three-week oral nutritional immuno-supplement (IMM) intervention compared to a control (CTL) on post-operative inflammatory status and muscle health in patients receiving limb and chest physiotherapy from June to August 2023.
Methods: A randomized, controlled, blinded cohort of 20 patients (ages 30–75) undergoing GI surgery was established. Participants were recruited on the day of surgery and assigned to either the CTL, which received standard protein supplementation, or the IMM group, which received protein immune-enriched supplementation for three weeks. All participants also received chest and limb physiotherapy. Follow-up and data collection were conducted at three post-surgery time points: 3 days, 7 days, and 3 weeks. Assessments included body composition, handgrip strength, basal metabolic rate, 24-hour dietary intake, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.
Results: Fifteen patients completed the study (IMM=9, CTL=6). After three weeks of supplementation, the IMM group showed a significant increase in lean mass percentage and handgrip strength, along with a significant decrease in CRP levels, compared to the CTL.
Conclusion: A 3-week oral immuno-supplement provided to patients post-GI resection, in conjunction with limb and chest physiotherapy, is more effective in reducing inflammation and preserving muscle health compared to standard protein supplementation.

166 View
5 Download

Early nutritional support for inpatients reduces admission rates to intensive care units in Korea: a single-center case-control study: Hyun Suk Kim, Jae Do Yang, Se Wung Han, Mi Rin Lee, Da-Sol Kim, Sejin Lee, Seon-Hyeong Kim, Chan-Young Kim; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2024;16(2):57-65. Published online August 1, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2024.16.2.57

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material ePub: Purpose: Early nutritional support (ENS) for critically ill patients is promoted by many studies. However, there is a lack of data evaluating its necessity in general wards. This study aims to determine the impact of ENS on patients in general wards.
Methods: Patients aged 18 and above, admitted to the Jeonbuk National University Hospital in Jeonju from January 2020 to December 2020, who were eligible for nutritional support and hospitalized for at least 7 days were included in the study. We divided the patients into two groups: the ENS group, who received nutritional support within 48 hours of admission, and the control group, who received it after 48 hours.
Results: Among 1,077 patients, 146 met the inclusion criteria. The ENS group (n=38) and the control group (n=108) were compared retrospectively. There was a significant age difference between the two groups (P=0.028). The admission ratio to the intensive care unit (ICU) in the ENS group was significantly lower than that in the control group (10.2% vs. 26.3%, P=0.019). The calorie support rate (%) and protein support rate (%) in the ENS group were significantly higher than in the control group (50.12%±23.30% vs. 38.56%±18.02%, P=0.006; 44.61%±25.07% vs. 32.07%±22.76%, P=0.002, respectively). After propensity score matching, the ENS was significantly associated with ICU low admissions (odds ratio 0.08, 95% confidence interval 0.01–0.69, P=0.022).
Conclusion: A future multi-center study considering underlying diseases is needed to provide additional scientific evidence to support the effects of ENS.

250 View
12 Download

Comparative assessment of nutritional characteristics of critically ill patients at admission and discharge from the neurosurgical intensive care unit in Korea: a comparison study: Eunjoo Bae, Jinyoung Jang, Miyeon Kim, Seongsuk Kang, Kumhee Son, Taegon Kim, Hyunjung Lim; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2023;15(3):97-108. Published online December 1, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2023.15.3.97

Abstract PDF ePub

Purpose: Patients in neurosurgical (NS) intensive care units (ICUs) experience considerable energy and protein deficits associated with adverse outcomes. This study aimed to compare the nutritional status of patients at admission to (baseline) and discharge from the NS ICU.
Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective, before and after study of patients admitted in the NS ICU of the CHA Bundang Medical Center, from January 31, 2019, to February 28, 2020. All anthropometric data, biochemical data, clinical data, and dietary data were collected during the NS ICU stay. Specifically, we investigated the cumulative caloric deficit rate, phase angle and skeletal muscle index as indicators of lean muscle mass, and nitrogen balance according to demographic and clinical characteristics.
Results: A total of 140 NS patients were studied. Calf circumference decreased from 31.4±4.2 cm at baseline to 30.2±4.0 cm at discharge (P<0.001). Energy supply rate increased from 44.4% at baseline to 89.2% at discharge. Phase angle (PhA) patients with an modified Nutrition Risk in the Critically ill (mNUTRIC) score≤5 group had significantly lower PhA values than those with an mNUTRIC score>5 (P=0.005).
Conclusion: Although clinical and dietary parameters of patients in the NS ICU improved from baseline to discharge, anthropometric and biochemical markers of lean muscle mass and nutritional status decreased. PhA and nitrogen balance difference values were significantly different between those with an mNUTRIC score≤5 and those with an mNUTRIC score>5. These data indicate that the nutritional risk of critically ill patients increases during hospitalization in the NS ICU.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

A Review on the Effects of Multiple Nutritional Scores on Wound Healing after Neurosurgery.
Jingqian Ye, Bo Ning , Jianwen Zhi
International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences.2025; 9(2): 82. CrossRef

310 View
3 Download
1 Crossref

Perioperative nutritional practices and attitudes among gastrointestinal oncologic surgeons in Korea: a nation-wide survey study: Dae Hoon Kim, Jeong-Meen Seo, Min-Gew Choi; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2023;15(3):81-87. Published online December 1, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2023.15.3.81

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material ePub: Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the current perioperative nutritional practices and attitudes among gastrointestinal (GI) oncologic surgeons in Korea. Evidence-based perioperative nutritional practices are not well-established in this field.
Methods: A nationwide survey was conducted with 24 items, targeting GI oncologic surgical faculty members from March 2022 to April 2022 through social networking service messaging and email. Whole target number was 3,421.
Results: Out of responding 161 GI surgeons, 83.9% were male and 16.1% were female, and about 49.7% were in their 40s. When asked about their hospital policies, 67.1% reported the existence of formal nutritional screening programs. However, the execution and analysis of these programs varied considerably. Most surgeons conducted preoperative nutritional screening, with albumin testing the most frequently performed. In addition, nutritional supplementation—primarily protein drinks—was given before surgery. The duration for which these supplements were used varied from ≤3 days to 4–7 days. Most respondents recognized the importance of addressing nutritional deficiencies in patients with GI tumors; however, when asked about immunonutrition, 89.4% of surgeons admitted having limited knowledge.
Conclusion: Although there is recognition of the importance of evidence-based nutrition practices in GI and oncologic surgery programs, this study reveals limited implementation of such practices. This study highlights a considerable opportunity to leverage existing positive surgeon beliefs and published data on the benefits of perioperative nutrition to enhance surgical nutrition practices and to improve patient outcomes in Korea.

148 View
0 Download

Role of nutrition in wound healing and nutritional recommendations for promotion of wound healing: a narrative review: Myoungjean Ju, Yoonhong Kim, Kyung Won Seo; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2023;15(3):67-71. Published online December 1, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2023.15.3.67

Abstract PDF ePub

Purpose: Addressing both malnutrition and wound healing requires strategic intervention. However, guidelines for adequate nutrition for a variety of wounds are lacking. Based on the latest literature review, we summarize the role of nutrition in each stage of wound healing and nutritional recommendations for wound healing.
Current concept: Wounds undergo three healing phases: inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling. The inflammatory phase involves clotting and cleaning the wound. The proliferative phase builds the wound bed through tissue growth. In the remodeling phase, collagen strength increases. Proper nutrition is crucial throughout. During inflammation, calcium, vitamin K, A, and E, zinc, and proteins are essential. In proliferation, amino acids, B vitamins, lipids, zinc, and iron play key roles. During remodeling, vitamins C and E, zinc, and water are critical for collagen synthesis and skin cell maturation. Vulnerable groups like the elderly, newborns, and obese patients need proper nutrition for skin maintenance. For pressure ulcers with malnutrition risk, recommendations are 30–35 kcal/kg/day energy, 1.25–1.5 g/kg/day protein, and 30 mL/kg water. Supplements might be added if regular meals don’t meet needs. For diabetic foot ulcers, despite common deficiencies, the 2019 International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot advises against prioritizing nutritional interventions over standard care due to limited high-quality evidence.
Conclusion: Despite limited guidelines, nutrition assessment is vital for wound evaluation. A multidisciplinary approach is key, emphasizing nutrition’s role in wound healing. Implementing nutritional interventions tailored to the wound and the individual’s nutritional status is essential. This comprehensive strategy ensures the best wound care outcomes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Impact of Epigenetics, Diet, and Nutrition-Related Pathologies on Wound Healing
John Hajj, Brandon Sizemore, Kanhaiya Singh
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(19): 10474. CrossRef
Electrospun-based nanofibers as ROS-scavenging scaffolds for accelerated wound healing: a narrative review
Mohammad Ebrahim Astaneh, Narges Fereydouni
International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials.2024; : 1. CrossRef

3,658 View
187 Download
2 Crossref

Consultation pattern changes of parenteral nutrition with a multidisciplinary nutrition support team in a recently opened hospital in Korea: a retrospective cohort study: Kyoung Won Yoon, Hyo Jin Kim, Yujeong Im, Seul Gi Nam, Joo Yeon Lee, Hyo Gee Lee, Joong-Min Park; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2023;15(2):57-63. Published online August 1, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2023.15.2.57

Abstract PDF ePub: Purpose: Parenteral nutrition (PN) is essential for the treatment of patients with malnutrition. The provision of central PN should be recommended by a nutrition support team (NST) made up of a team of experts, even in a newly established hospital. This study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of PN delivered by a multidisciplinary NST in a recently opened hospital.
Methods: This was a retrospective study of the effectiveness of a central PN recommendation pop-up message by the electronic medical record (EMR) software to prompt physicians to either calculate the required calorie and protein intake or consult with the NST. The study period was divided into pre-NST and post-NST based on the time of recruitment of NST-dedicated personnel.
Results: Patients in the 12-week pre-NST period (n=50) and 12-week post-NST period (n=74) were compared retrospectively. Baseline characteristics were not significantly different between the two groups, except for the median Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (pre-NST group, 8 [interquartile range, IQR 5–15.5] vs. post-NST group, 15 [IQR 9–24], P=0.012) of the 45 patients total admitted to the intensive care unit. The percentage of patients for whom physicians requested a consultation with the NST for central PN was significantly higher in the post-NST group (52.0% vs. 75.7%, P=0.011). There was no significant difference in achievement of nutrition targets or mortality.
Conclusion: Building a multidisciplinary NST may increase awareness of nutritional status and affect the behavior of physicians in recently-opened hospitals.

189 View
4 Download

Role of preoperative immunonutrition in patients with colorectal cancer: a narrative review: Soo Young Lee, Hyeung-min Park, Chang Hyun Kim, Hyeong Rok Kim; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2023;15(2):46-50. Published online August 1, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2023.15.2.46

Abstract PDF ePub

Purpose: Colorectal cancer surgery presents challenges due to surgical stress and immunosuppression, leading to postoperative complications. Nutrition is crucial for colorectal cancer patients who are prone to malnutrition. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the role of preoperative immunonutrition in colorectal cancer surgery.
Current concept: Preoperative immunonutrition, consisting of immunonutrients such as arginine, ω-3 fatty acids, and nucleotides, has emerged as a potential strategy to enhance surgical outcomes by modulating immune responses and reducing complications. Current guidelines recommend preoperative oral nutritional supplements for major abdominal surgery and immunonutrition for nutritionally high-risk patients. Meta-analysis have demonstrated significant decreases in infectious complications and hospital stay durations with preoperative immunonutrition. However, limitations such as publication bias and heterogeneity in the previous studies should be considered. Further research should focus on the optimal timing, duration, and amount of immunonutrition; the patient populations that would benefit most; and the integration of immunonutrition into enhanced recovery after surgery protocols.
Conclusion: While preoperative immunonutrition shows promise, additional research is crucial to refine protocols and establish optimal clinical practice utilization.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The 2024 Korean Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) guidelines for colorectal cancer: a secondary publication
Kil-yong Lee, Soo Young Lee, Miyoung Choi, Moonjin Kim, Ji Hong Kim, Ju Myung Song, Seung Yoon Yang, In Jun Yang, Moon Suk Choi, Seung Rim Han, Eon Chul Han, Sang Hyun Hong, Do Joong Park, Sang-Jae Park
Annals of Coloproctology.2025; 41(1): 3. CrossRef
The 2024 Korean Enhanced Recovery After Surgery guidelines for colorectal cancer
Kil-yong Lee, Soo Young Lee, Miyoung Choi, Moonjin Kim, Ji Hong Kim, Ju Myung Song, Seung Yoon Yang, In Jun Yang, Moon Suk Choi, Seung Rim Han, Eon Chul Han, Sang Hyun Hong, Do Joong Park, Sang-Jae Park
Annals of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.2024; 16(2): 22. CrossRef

454 View
11 Download
2 Crossref

Perioperative nutrition support: a narrative review: Rajeev Joshi, Asma Khalife; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2023;15(2):40-45. Published online August 1, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2023.15.2.40

Abstract PDF ePub

Purpose: Proper nutrition and supplementation are paramount in surgical patients. Suboptimal nutrition status is increasingly recognized as an independent predictor of poor surgical outcomes. The purpose of this review is to highlight the need for nutritional protocols, with an emphasis on perioperative nutrition.
Current concept: Perioperative nutrition support is considered an adjunctive strategy in most centers, although it is proven to be the key in improving surgical outcomes. There is a need to increase the standards and formulate policies and protocols to optimize perioperative nutrition support. Components of perioperative nutrition include nutritional screening and assessment, prehabilitation, preoperative metabolic optimization and carbohydrate loading, postoperative early enteral feeding and perioperative parenteral nutrition, immunonutrition and micronutrients, and oral nutritional supplementation vs. hospital-based kitchen feeds. Supplemental parenteral nutrition becomes valuable when enteral nutrition alone cannot fulfil energy needs. In patients in the surgical intensive care unit who are dealing with hemodynamic instability, high levels of serum lactate unrelated to thiamine deficiency, acidosis, significant liver dysfunction, high blood sugar, and high blood lipid levels, parenteral nutrition must be started with caution. In the post-surgery care ward, it is advisable to administer up to 30 kcal/kg/day and 1.2–2 g/kg/day of protein.
Conclusion: The positive impact of comprehensive nutritional support and the importance of setting and executing standards must be highlighted. Emphasis should be placed on overcoming existing challenges in implementing nutrition therapy in current surgical practice, as better perioperative nutrition supports better surgical outcomes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Nutritional intervention for weight loss in presurgical phase – case study
Ana-Maria Damian
The Romanian Journal of Nutrition.2024; 4(4): 4. CrossRef

400 View
14 Download
1 Crossref

Effects of nutritional status and support on the survival of COVID-19 patients in a single tertiary-center intensive care unit in Korea: a case-control study: Na Gyeong Lee, Hye Jin Kim, Ji Gyeong Kang, Do Hyeon Jeon, Mi Seung Kwak, So Hyun Nam; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2023;15(1):30-37. Published online April 1, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2023.15.1.30

Abstract PDF ePub

Purpose: It is important to understand the nutritional status of critically ill COVID-19 patients and to provide adequate associated support. We attempted to determine how nutritional status and the amount of nutritional support provided to critically ill patients affect their survival.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients admitted to the intensive care unit of Dong-A University Hospital between January and December 2021. We divided the patients into survivors and those who died during COVID-19 treatment and compared and analyzed their clinical parameters, nutrition-related indicators, nutritional status, and nutritional support.
Results: Of 70 patients reviewed, 57 survived. Mortality was higher in the older group (P=0.006). The patients who underwent ventilator, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, or continuous renal replacement therapy showed higher mortality. Nutritional status at the time of admission and the nutritional requirements did not differ among patient groups. However, the actual amounts of calories (P<0.001) and protein (P=0.019) supplied were lower in the mortality group. Serum C-reactive protein level was higher (P=0.002) and serum albumin level was lower in those who did not survive (P<0.001) compared with surviving patients at discharge.
Conclusion: We did not determine whether the initial nutritional status of patients with COVID-19 affected their survival due to various factors associated with the severity of the disease. However, given the similarities between disease severity and nutritional status at the time of admission, our results indicate that adequate nutritional support can contribute to survival in critically ill COVID-19 patients with pneumonia.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The association between enteral nutrition with survival of critical patients with COVID‐19
Maryam Gholamalizadeh, Zahra Salimi, Khadijeh Abbasi Mobarakeh, Zahra Mahmoudi, Shirin Tajadod, Mahdi Mousavi Mele, Farkhondeh Alami, Bojlul Bahar, Saeid Doaei, Sara Khoshdooz, Masoume Rahvar, Somayeh Gholami, Masoume Pourtaleb
Immunity, Inflammation and Disease.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

257 View
2 Download
1 Crossref

Comparison of a volume-based feeding protocol with standard feeding for trauma patients in intensive care units in Korea: a retrospective cohort study: Juhong Park, Yesung Oh, Songhee Kwon, Ji-hyun Lee, Mihyang Kim, Kyungjin Hwang, Donghwan Choi, Junsik Kwon; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2023;15(1):22-29. Published online April 1, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2023.15.1.22

Abstract PDF ePub

Purpose: Although early enteral nutrition for critically ill patients is essential, it is difficult to provide enteral nutrition to trauma patients in early hospitalization stages due to frequent surgeries and examinations. We aimed to identify the effect of achieving early enteral nutrition goals and improving outcomes through a volume-based feeding (VBF) protocol for trauma patients.
Methods: Patients who were admitted to the trauma intensive care units (TICUs) of the Ajou University Hospital from January 2020 to September 2021 and received enteral tube feeding for at least 7 days were studied. An institution-specific VBF protocol was developed, and nurses were trained in its execution. We retrospectively compared outcomes, such as in-hospital mortality and initial nutritional goal achievement, between the new and standard protocols.
Results: Among 2,935 patients, 109 met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 64 patients received nutrition through VBF, with no feeding intolerance symptoms. The VBF group started enteral nutrition approximately 16.9 hours earlier and group achieved 80% of the target calorie and protein intake approximately one day faster than the control group (n=45). The average calorie supply per body weight per day was 4.9 kcal/kg/day more in the VBF group. An increase of 0.2 g/kg/day was also observed in protein uptake. However, mortality and adverse hospital events did not differ between the groups.
Conclusion: The VBF protocol for patients admitted to the TICU increased the initial nutrient supply without risk of feeding intolerance, but there was no improvement in major clinical outcomes, including mortality and adverse hospital events.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Early initiation of gastric tube feeding: ultrasound assessment. A prospective interventional study
Islam M. Elbardan, Ahmed A. Alla Ossman, Nada El Kayal, Assem A. ElRazek Abd-Rabih
Research and Opinion in Anesthesia & Intensive Care.2024; 11(4): 270. CrossRef

211 View
3 Download
1 Crossref

Efficacy of monounsaturated fatty acids in reducing risk of the cardiovascular diseases, cancer, inflammation, and insulin resistance: a narrative review: Ki Hyun Kim, Yoonhong Kim, Kyung Won Seo; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2023;15(1):2-7. Published online April 1, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2023.15.1.2

Abstract PDF ePub

Purpose: The purpose of this review is to explore the potential benefits of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), specifically those found in olive oil, on weight loss, cardiovascular disease, cancer, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Additionally, this review examines the use of olive oil–based intravenous lipid emulsions (ILEs) in providing parenteral nutrition to patients with diverse needs.
Current concept: MUFAs, found in olive oil, nuts, and some animal foods, have been found to have numerous health benefits. A diet high in MUFAs can aid in weight loss and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Olive oil, in particular, has been linked to a lower risk of cancer, inflammation, and insulin resistance. In addition, olive oil–based ILEs have been utilized for over two decades and are well tolerated by patients requiring parenteral nutrition.
Conclusion: A diet rich in MUFAs, specifically from olive oil, can provide numerous health benefits, including weight loss and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Additionally, olive oil–based ILEs have been shown to effectively provide nutrients to diverse populations requiring parenteral nutrition and have demonstrated the ability to preserve immune function and induce less lipid peroxidation than other ILEs. Further research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits of MUFAs and olive oil-based ILEs, but current evidence suggests that they may be a valuable addition to a healthy diet and medical treatment.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The impact of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum on the cream composition: Insight into changes of vitamin D3 content and fatty acid composition
Tetiana Dyrda-Terniuk, Viorica Railean, Aleksandra Bogumiła Florkiewicz, Justyna Walczak-Skierska, Mateusz Kolankowski, Joanna Rudnicka, Dorota Białczak, Paweł Pomastowski
International Dairy Journal.2025; 161: 106118. CrossRef
Palmitoleic and oleic fatty acids as biomarkers for coronary heart disease: A predictive model
Guangzhou Wang, Lin Zhou, Zhengfang Wang, Asmaa Ali, Liang Wu
Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -).2025; 194(1): 59. CrossRef
Evaluation of the Nutritional Value of Prunus dulcis Blossoms and the Antioxidant Compounds of Their Extracted Oil Using Green Extraction Method
Theodoros Chatzimitakos, Vassilis Athanasiadis, Konstantina Kotsou, Ioannis Makrygiannis, Eleni Bozinou, Stavros I. Lalas
Applied Sciences.2024; 14(5): 2001. CrossRef
Oleic Acid and Succinic Acid: A Potent Nutritional Supplement in Improving Hepatic Glycaemic Control in Type 2 Diabetic Sprague–Dawley Rats
Kemmoy G. Lattibeaudiere, Ruby Lisa Alexander-Lindo, Mozaniel Oliveira
Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

811 View
10 Download
4 Crossref

Development of Wernicke’s Encephalopathy during Total Parenteral Nutrition Therapy without Additional Multivitamin Supplementation in a Patient with Intestinal Obstruction: A Case Report: Cheong Ah Oh; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2022;14(2):93-96. Published online December 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2022.14.2.93

Abstract PDF ePub: Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE) is a serious neurological disorder that can be fatal if not properly treated. In this current paper, I present the case of a 51-year-old male with a perivesical fistula between a presacral abscess and the rectus abdominis muscle. He received total parenteral nutrition therapy during a fasting period because of small bowel obstruction and later developed WE. The patient’s WE-related symptoms improved following rapid treatment with high doses of thiamine.

281 View
5 Download

Refeeding Syndrome after Gastrectomy in a Patient with Hypophosphatemia: A Case Report: Cheong Ah Oh; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2022;14(2):88-92. Published online December 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2022.14.2.88

Abstract PDF ePub: This study describes an 81-year-old male who was highly suspicious for refeeding syndrome (RFS) after a retrospective review of his postoperative clinical progression. This highlights the importance of clinicians’ awareness of the possibility of RFS development in surgical patients with any RFS risk factors.

111 View
4 Download

Provision of Enteral Nutrition in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Study: Chan-Hee Park, Hak-Jae Lee, Suk-Kyung Hong, Yang-Hee Jun, Jeong-Woo Lee, Nak-Jun Choi, Kyu-Hyouck Kyoung; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2022;14(2):66-71. Published online December 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2022.14.2.66

Abstract PDF ePub: Purpose: Timely enteral nutrition (EN) is important in critically ill patients. However, use of EN with critically ill surgical patients has many limitations. This study aimed to analyze the current status of EN in surgical intensive care units (ICUs) in South Korea.
Materials and Methods: A multicenter, prospective, observational study was conducted on patients who received EN in surgical ICUs at four university hospitals between August 2021 and January 2022.
Results: This study included 125 patients. The mean time to start EN after admission to the surgical ICU was 6.2±4.6 days. EN was provided to 34 (27.2%) patients within 3 days after ICU admission. At 15.7±15.9 days, the target caloric requirement was achieved by 74 (59.2%) patients through EN alone. Furthermore, 104 (83.2%) patients received supplemental parenteral nutrition after a mean of 3.5±2.1 days. Only one of the four hospitals regularly used enteral feeding tubes and post-pyloric feeding tubes.
Conclusion: Establishing EN guidelines for critically ill surgical patients and setting an appropriate insurance fee for EN-related devices, such as the feeding pump and enteral feeding tube, are necessary.

225 View
3 Download

Selection of the Enterostomy Feeding Route in Enteral Nutrition: Dong-Seok Han; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2022;14(2):50-54. Published online December 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2022.14.2.50

Abstract PDF ePub: Enteral nutrition has several physiologic advantages. For example, it can reduce complications, result in immunological improvement, and prevent bacterial translocation by maintaining the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Enteral tube feeding has a major role in nutritional support of patients with swallowing disorders caused by stroke or other neurologic disorders, neoplasms of the upper digestive tract, and benign esophageal stricture. This review article aimed to present the current knowledge on the clinical application of enteral tube feeding. Especially, based on a literature search on PubMed using the index terms of enteral tube feeding; the indications, advantages, and disadvantages; and insertion methods of various enteral tubes were identified.

237 View
6 Download

Liver Cirrhosis and Sarcopenia: Hye Yeon Chon, Tae Hee Lee; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2022;14(1):2-9. Published online June 1, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2022.14.1.2

Abstract PDF ePub: Malnutrition is one of the most common complications in patients with liver cirrhosis. In previous studies, cirrhotic patients with severe malnutrition have been associated with higher morbidity and mortality rates before and after liver transplantation. Frailty and sarcopenia are phenotypes of severe malnutrition that have been associated with complications requiring hospitalization or mortality during the wait for transplantation in patients with cirrhosis. Tools for evaluating frailty include the Activities of Daily Living scale, the Karnofsky Performance Status scale, and the Liver Frailty Index. Diagnosed by using computed tomography, sarcopenia is measured with the skeletal muscle index at L3 and is normalized by height. Nutritional status should be evaluated within the first 24~48 hours of hospitalization in every patient with cirrhosis. Among the various available screening tools, the Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool proposed in the UK is recommended. Nutritional counseling with a multidisciplinary team is recommended to improve long-term survival in patients with cirrhosis. Multidisciplinary nutrition management should include evaluating nutritional status and providing guidance for achieving nutritional goals. Most guidelines suggest a calorie intake of 25~35 kcal/kg/day, and the recommended protein intake is 1.2~1.5 g/kg/day. One beneficial technique for patients is to divide the total recommended intake across four to five daily meals, including a nighttime snack. The principles of nutritional intervention in cirrhotic patients are not different from those in noncirrhotic patients. For improvement of sarcopenia, a strategic approach including physical activity and exercise, hormone replacement therapy, ammonia-lowering agents, and treatment of underlying liver disease is required.

313 View
14 Download

Clinical Significance of Malnutrition Risk in Severe Trauma Patients: A Single-Center Study: Hohyun Kim, Kum-Hee Hong, Inah Choi, Kyung-A Lee, Geun Am Song; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2021;13(2):68-74. Published online December 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2021.13.2.68

Abstract PDF ePub: Purpose: A suboptimal nutritional status is often observed among hospitalized patients across all medical/surgical specialties. The objective of the present study was to (1) analyze the prevalence of malnutrition in severe trauma patients and (2) evaluate the relationship between malnutrition and select clinical outcomes.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between October 2015 and March 2017 at the Pusan National University Hospital Trauma Center. Of a total of 3,560 patients, 945 were enrolled in this study. Patients were checked for malnutrition using a nutrition assessment tool by the hospital nutrition support team. The parameters assessed included serum albumin, the ratio of actual body weight to ideal body weight (%), total lymphocyte count, appetite, and gastrointestinal problems. Clinical outcomes under consideration included 1) mortality, 2) length of hospitalization, and 3) length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU).
Results: The total prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized trauma patients was 55.0% (n=520). Malnutrition risk was the independent prognostic factor of mortality in severe trauma patients (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=3.440; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.401~8.447, P=0.007). Risk factors of malnutrition were age over 65 years (adjusted OR=2.393; 95% CI=1.699~3.370, P<0.001), injury severity score (adjusted OR=1.034, 95% CI=1.012~1.056, P=0.002), length of hospitalization (adjusted OR=1.104; 95% CI=1.007~1.020, P<0.001), and length of stay in the ICU (adjusted OR=1.050; 95% CI=1.029~1.072, P<0.001).
Conclusion: Malnutrition is widespread in hospitalized patients with severe trauma and results in suboptimal clinical outcomes. Thus, patients at high risk of malnutrition should be monitored carefully during hospitalization.

268 View
4 Download

Comparison of Post-Operative Nutritional Status according to the Extent of Gastrectomy and the Reconstruction Method in Patients with Gastric Cancer: Kyung Hwan Kim, Jong Hyuk Yoon, Geum Jong Song, Myoung Won Son, Sung Yong Kim, Moo Jun Baek, Moon Soo Lee; Ann Clin Nutr Metab 2021;13(2):34-42. Published online December 31, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/ACNM.2021.13.2.34

Abstract PDF ePub

Purpose: Malnutrition is the main complication after gastrectomy and the degree may vary depending on the extent of resection. This study sought to help determine an appropriate type of resection and provide methods for addressing malnutrition after gastrectomy.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical resection at the Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital between December 2012 and December 2013. A total of 100 patients were screened, and all patients were followed for 1 to 3 years. Among this group, 12 underwent total gastrectomy, 5 underwent proximal gastrectomy, 46 underwent distal gastrectomy with Billroth I anastomosis, and 37 with Billroth II anastomosis. The nutritional status assessment included body weight, body mass index, serum albumin, serum hemoglobin, vitamin B12, ferritin, and Nutritional Risk Index (NRI).
Results: Patients who underwent total gastrectomy had lower hemoglobin and vitamin B12 levels compared to patients who underwent distal gastrectomy. The NRI was statistically significantly lower in patients who underwent total gastrectomy than patients who underwent distal gastrectomy. Patients who underwent total gastrectomy had lower vitamin B12 than patients who underwent proximal gastrectomy till the second year after gastrectomy. Regarding postdistal gastrectomy reconstruction, there was no statistically significant difference between the Billroth I and Billroth II groups.
Conclusion: This study showed that patients who underwent total gastrectomy were more susceptible to malnutrition than those who underwent distal or proximal gastrectomy. Patients who undergo gastrectomy should be monitored carefully for nutritional status and given appropriate nutritional support in the post-operative period.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Development and Internal/External Validation of a Prediction Model for Weight Loss Following Gastric Cancer Surgery: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Ji-Hyeon Park, Seong-Ho Kong, Do Joong Park, Han-Kwang Yang, Jong Won Kim, Ki Bum Park, In Cho, Sun-Hwi Hwang, Dong-Wook Kim, Su Mi Kim, Seung-Wan Ryu, Seong Chan Gong, Pil Young Jung, Hoon Ryu, Sung Geun Kim, Chang In Choi, Dae-Hwan Kim, Sung-IL Choi, Ji
Annals of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.2022; 14(2): 55. CrossRef

281 View
0 Download
1 Crossref

Effect of Malnutrition Assessed by Comprehensive Nutritional Screening Tool on In-Hospital Mortality after Surgery for Gastrointestinal Perforation: Seung-Young Oh, Hannah Lee, Ho Geol Ryu, Hyuk-Joon Lee; Surg Metab Nutr 2021;12(1):1-6. Published online June 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.18858/smn.2021.12.1.1

Abstract PDF ePub

Purpose: This study examined the effects of malnutrition on in-hospital mortality after surgery for gastrointestinal (GI) perforation.
Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent surgery for GI perforation between 2010 and 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The preoperative nutritional status was assessed by the Seoul National University Hospital-Nutrition Screening Index, a tool that comprehensively evaluates 11 factors that reflect the nutritional status. The risk factors for in-hospital mortality after surgery for GI perforation were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results: Four hundred and eighty-nine patients were divided into two groups: 439 patients in the survival group and 50 patients in the in-hospital mortality group. The risk of malnutrition was higher (93.6% vs. 65.9%, P<0.001) in the in-hospital mortality group than in the survival group. The preoperative albumin level was lower, and the blood urea nitrogen level was higher in the in-hospital mortality group than in the survival group. Emergency surgery, lymphoma as a cause of perforation, and fecal-contaminated ascites were also identified as factors associated with in-hospital mortality. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that a high risk of malnutrition (HR=5.71, 95% CI 1.38~26.02, P=0.017), lymphoma as a cause of perforation (HR=4.12, 95% CI 1.17~14.51, P=0.028), low preoperative albumin (HR=4.77, 95% CI 2.35~9.69, P<0.001), and high preoperative BUN (HR=1.03, 95% CI 1.01~1.05, P=0.001) had significant effects on the in-hospital mortality after surgery for GI perforation.
Conclusion: A high risk of malnutrition assessed by the composite index was associated with in-hospital mortality after surgery for a GI perforation.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Performance of the comprehensive nutrition screening index in predicting mortality after cardiac surgery
Jaeyeon Chung, Jinyoung Bae, Seyong Park, Dong Hyouk Kim, Youn Joung Cho, Karam Nam, Yunseok Jeon, Jae-Woo Ju
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Efficacy of nutritional support protocol for patients with pressure ulcer: comparison of before and after the protocol
Hye Young Woo, Seung-Young Oh, Leerang Lim, Hyunjae Im, Hannah Lee, Ho Geol Ryu
Nutrition.2022; 99-100: 111638. CrossRef

135 View
1 Download
2 Crossref

Perioperative Nutritional Support: Seung Jong Oh; J Clin Nutr 2021;13(1):7-11. Published online June 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/jcn.2021.13.1.7

Abstract PDF ePub: Malnutrition in surgical patients is a prevalent problem. As the geriatric population gradually increases, surgeons need to be more careful in preventing the risk of iatrogenic malnutrition. Delayed wound healing, exposure to infection, pressure sores, gastrointestinal bacterial overgrowth, and immunosuppression in malnourished patients can be prevented or diminished with active nutritional support. Preoperative nutritional assessment and support, as well as adequate postoperative nutrition, will improve surgical outcomes, which in turn will lead to fewer postoperative complications, shorter hospital stays, and lower medical costs. The success of surgery depends not only on technical surgical skills but also on metabolic interventions that take into account the patient’s ability to deliver the metabolic load and provide adequate nutritional support.

120 View
1 Download

Impact of Visceral Fat Area Measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis on Clinico-Pathologic Outcomes of Colorectal Surgery: Kyeong Eui Kim, Woo Jin Song, Minji Seok, Sung Uk Bae, Woon Kyung Jeong, Seong Kyu Baek; J Clin Nutr 2021;13(1):17-23. Published online June 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/jcn.2021.13.1.17

Abstract PDF ePub: Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between the visceral fat area (VFA) and clinico-pathological outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods: This retrospective study included 204 patients who underwent anthropometric measurement by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) before surgical treatment for CRC between January 2016 and June 2020.
Results: According to the average value of the visceral fat area, 119 (58.3%) patients had a low visceral fat area, and 85 (59.1%) patients had a high visceral fat area. Patients with visceral obesity showed a higher BMI compared to patients without visceral obesity, (21.8±1.9 vs. 25.7±2.5, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the overall perioperative outcomes including total operation time, time to gas out, sips of water, soft diet, hospital stay, and morbidity between patients in the low and high VFA groups. We divided patients into two subgroups according to the degree of cancer progression and more advanced cases with low VFA showed significantly more total and positive retrieved lymph nodes (LNs) (20.9±10.3 vs. 16.1±7.1, P=0.021 and 3.3±2.9 vs. 2.2±2.3, P=0.019, respectively) and a higher proportion of more than 12 retrieved LNs compared to patients with a high VFA (95.1% vs. 90.0%, P=0.047). Body composition analysis showed that phase angle, muscle composition, and body fluid composition were not statistically different between the two groups. However, body fat mass was statistically higher in the high VFA group (22.0±4.6 vs. 12.8±3.1, P<0.001).
Conclusion: Visceral obesity measured by BIA showed lower total and positive retrieved LNs and was not associated with adverse peri-operative outcomes, inflammatory and nutritional, and pathologic outcomes for CRC.

112 View
0 Download

Nutritional Management in Dementia: Juhee Kang; J Clin Nutr 2021;13(1):1-6. Published online June 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/jcn.2021.13.1.1

Abstract PDF ePub

With the increase in lifespan, and consequent increase in the elderly population, the prevalence of dementia is also increasing. The prevalence of dementia in the elderly over 65 in Korea was 10.3% in 2020 and is expected to increase to 16.1% by 2050. Dementia is a cognitive decline that affects eating behavior, leading to weight loss and malnutrition. In fact, the prevalence of malnutrition has been rising, and has been reported to be 58.9% among dementia patients in community facilities. Dementia requires the intake of sufficient calories and protein to prevent weight loss. On the other hand, intake of certain nutrients, such as omega-3 fatty acids, thiamine, vitamin E, selenium, and copper, helps prevent dementia in healthy people but has no effect on patients with advanced dementia. As dementia worsens, if food intake is reduced, oral nutritional supplements and enteral nutrition should be initiated to prevent weight loss and malnutrition. Dementia patients are very vulnerable to malnutrition, and hence require more active nutritional support.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Development of 3D Printed Snack-dish for the Elderly with Dementia
Ji-Yeon Lee, Cheol-Ho Kim, Kug-Weon Kim, Kyong-Ae Lee, Kwangoh Koh, Hee-Seon Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2021; 26(5): 327. CrossRef

207 View
2 Download
1 Crossref

Characteristics and Practice of Parenteral Nutrition in Hospitalized Adult Cancer Patients in Korea: Hyo Jung Park, You Min Sohn, Jee Eun Chung, Jung Tae Kim, Jin A Yang, Hye Jung Bae, Ye Won Sung, Sun Hwa Kim,Ji Yoon Cho, Kyung Mi Jung, Hee Kyung Bae; J Clin Nutr 2020;12(2):34-40. Published online December 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/jcn.2020.12.2.34

Abstract PDF ePub: Purpose: There have been no clinical studies on the characteristics of parenteral nutrition (PN) for adult cancer inpatients in South Korea. The published evidence describing modern PN practices in these patients is also extremely limited. Therefore in this retrospective multicenter cross-sectional study, we aimed to investigate the PN support practice in hospitalized adult cancer patients.
Methods: The study included adult cancer patients hospitalized in nine hospitals in South Korea and received PN, during the period from August 1st, 2017 to October 30th, 2017. We evaluated the relevant hospital-based PN practices in this group.
Results: Among the 11,580 inpatient admissions during this period, 759 cancer patients received PN (6.6%). The majority of enrolled patients (97.2%) used commercially available PN and 71.2% of these used peripheral PN formulations. The average in-hospital PN duration was 16.1±19.9 days. Patients received only 65.4±25.4% calories of the recommended target calories. The in-hospital mortality of enrolled patients was 26.1%.
Conclusion: We conclude that commercial PN is the most common form of PN administered to hospitalized adult cancer patients and the overall in-hospital mortality in the patients using PN is higher in South Korea compared to other countries.

112 View
0 Download

Effect of Nutritional Intervention by the Nutrition Support Team on Postnatal Growth in Preterm Infants: So Jin Yoon, Joo Hee Lim, Soon Min Lee, Sun Jung Kim, Sun Kyung Lee, Soo Min Lee; J Clin Nutr 2020;12(2):26-33. Published online December 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/jcn.2020.12.2.26

Abstract PDF ePub

Purpose: Nutritional intervention by an interdisciplinary nutrition support team (NST) can potentially improve postnatal growth outcomes in preterm infants. This study aimed to measure the growth impact of a nutritional intervention package performed by an NST in a quality improvement effort in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Methods: Fifty-two infants born below 2,000 g and admitted to NICU participated in the Quality Improvement (QI) program between March 2016 and February 2017. The nutritional intervention was applied according to newly established nutritional guidelines on parenteral and enteral nutrition, and an NST performed a weekly nutritional assessment. The Z-scores of weight, height, and head circumference were calculated according to the gestational age and sex. The clinical impact on postnatal growth was compared between the QI and pre-QI groups. The pre-QI group included 69 infants admitted in the same NICU between 2014 and 2015.
Results: The time to the initiation of enteral nutrition decreased significantly (P<0.001). Changes in weight (P=0.027), head circumference (P=0.003), Z-scores between birth, and 40 weeks postconceptional age (PCA) were significantly larger in the QI than the pre-QI group. The percentage of infants weighing below the 10th percentile at one month after birth and at 40 weeks PCA was higher in the pre-QI than the QI group.
Conclusion: The implementation of evidence-based best practices for preterm nutrition resulted in significant improvements in the growth outcomes in preterm infants.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Nutrition Supply and Growth Post Nutrition Support Team Activity in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Hye Min Ha, Yu Jin Jung, Yoo Rha Hong, So Yoon Choi
Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition.2024; 27(5): 313. CrossRef

150 View
0 Download
1 Crossref

Nutritional Support and Wound Healing: Chi-Min Park; J Clin Nutr 2020;12(2):21-25. Published online December 31, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.15747/jcn.2020.12.2.21

Abstract PDF ePub: Wound healing is a coordinated process of sequential events consisting of four phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Many factors can affect each phase of this process and have a harmful or beneficial effect on wound healing. Nutrition is closely associated with the wound healing process and is one of the major influencing factors on the outcomes of wound healing. Malnutrition and nutrient deficiencies could adversely affect wound healing and delay it. Many kinds of nutrients can enhance the healing process. Physicians should always assess every patient’s nutritional status to determine nutritional deficiencies. This will enable supplementation, thereby enhancing wound healing. Herein, we review the relationship between nutrition and wound healing, and the effects and mechanisms of each nutrient that is closely related to the wound healing process.

104 View
2 Download

Nutritional Status of Patients with Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgical Disease: Sang Soo Eom, Yong Chan Shin, Chang-Sup Lim, In Woong Han, Woohyun Jung, Yoonhyeong Byun, Dong Wook Choi, Jin Seok Heo, Hongbeom Kim; Surg Metab Nutr 2020;11(2):46-52. Published online December 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.18858/smn.2020.11.2.46

Abstract PDF ePub: Purpose: This study examined the nutritional status of patients with hepatobiliary-pancreatic diseases before surgery to establish basic reference data.
Materials and Methods: This study evaluated retrospectively 2,322 patients admitted for hepatobiliary-pancreatic surgery between 2014 and 2016 at four Korean medical institutions using the body mass index (BMI) score. The prognostic nutrition index (PNI) was calculated in patients diagnosed with malignant diseases.
Results: The mean BMI was 24.0 kg/m² (range, 13.2~39.1 kg/m²). The patients were classified as low BMI (<21.5 kg/ m², below 25 percentile), intermediate BMI (21.5~25.5 kg/m²), and high BMI (>25.5 kg/m², above 75 percentile). There were significant differences in the age, sex distribution, ASA classification, type of hospitalization, biliary drainage, organ, and pathology diagnosis between the pairs among the low, intermediate, and high BMI groups. Among the three BMI groups, the complication rate of the low BMI group was highest (34.4% vs. 29.7% vs. 25.8% P=0.005). The median lengths of hospital stay in the low, intermediate, and high BMI groups were 9, 9, and 7 days, respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed the risk factors of the low BMI group to be a higher ASA classification, biliary drainage, pancreatic disease, and malignant disease. The group with PNI<45 had significantly longer hospital stays than the group with PNI≥45 (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Patients with a low BMI had a higher ASA classification, preoperative biliary drainage, pancreatic disease, and malignant disease. The low PNI group had significantly longer hospital stays than the high PNI group. Screening of the preoperative nutritional status is necessary for assessing the risk of malnutrition and its treatment.

109 View
0 Download

Search